Bhutan is a landlocked country located in the Eastern Himalayas, bordered by India to the south, east, and west, and China to the north. It is known for its stunning natural landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and a unique approach to development that emphasizes Gross National Happiness (GNH) over gross domestic product (GDP).
Key Facts about Bhutan:
1. Capital and Major Cities: The capital of Bhutan is Thimphu, which is also the largest city. Other notable cities include Paro and Punakha.
2. Geography: Bhutan is characterized by its rugged mountains and valleys, with elevations ranging from about 200 meters to over 7,000 meters. The country has diverse ecosystems due to its varying altitudes.
3. Culture: Bhutanese culture is heavily influenced by Tibetan Buddhism, which is the state religion. Festivals, known as "Tshechus," are celebrated with vibrant dances and rituals.
4. Language: The official language is Dzongkha, although many other languages and dialects are spoken throughout the country.
5. Economy: Bhutan's economy is primarily agrarian, with agriculture providing livelihoods for the majority of the population. Hydropower is a significant contributor to the economy, thanks to the country’s abundant water resources.
6. Tourism: Bhutan has a unique tourism policy that focuses on sustainable and controlled tourism. Visitors often need to book tours through government-approved agencies, which help maintain the country's cultural integrity and environmental sustainability.
7. Biodiversity: The country is renowned for its biodiversity and is home to several national parks and protected areas, which support a variety of wildlife, including the endangered snow leopard.
8. Monarchy: Bhutan is a constitutional monarchy, with King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck as the current monarch, who took the throne in 2006. The country transitioned to a democratic government in 2008.
Bhutan's commitment to preserving its culture and environment while embracing modernization makes it a unique destination and a fascinating subject of study.
